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How to Choose a Garden Plant

Garden plants add color, structure and variety to outdoor spaces. Trees, perennials, and shrubs can add interest to your garden throughout the year.

Many garden plants that are popular require sun to thrive. When deciding on what plants to plant, think about the area available, the soil type and other aspects of beginning gardening tips. Also, find out the best methods to start seeds and to transplant.

Shrubs

There's a plant that will suit any garden bed. They provide year-round structure, a variety of colors, leaves and fruits. They can be used as a groundcover, a backdrop for flowers or to form a hedge. They are also easy to care for and provide a natural habitat for wildlife.

Shrubs are woody perennial plants with multiple stems, and don't die to the ground in winter (as the majority of herbaceous plants do). They can be upright like forsythia, lilacs or forsythia, or they can lay flat on the ground like the evergreen camellia. The height of a plant is usually less than 13 feet. However some experts limit the height to 10 feet. Trees are taller plants.

In general, shrubs grow slower than trees and are generally more round. They can be shaped by annual pruning or allowed to develop naturally. They are suitable for small gardens where space is limited.

Many of the shrubs produce stunning blooms like camellias, which can bring a touch of class to the winter garden. Their beautiful blossoms come in shades of pink, white or red. Forsythia and azalea as well as flowering shadbush can bring color to the garden in the spring, while the rhododendrons provide a range of scents and colors throughout the summer.

Low-maintenance plants include holly juniper and Japanese boxwood, which can be used as a hedge, or to add a touch of color to the landscape. Inkberry shrubs provide a beautiful deep green foliage and are a popular choice for bees that pollinate the flowers and make a sweet type of honey called gallberry honey.

Low-maintenance trees can also be grown for their fragrance like lavender and chamomile. This herb is popular for its relaxing properties. It is used to reduce stress and anxiety and improve digestion. Mint is a different low-maintenance plant that is popular gardening for beginners its refreshing taste and therapeutic properties. Its antiseptic properties, as well as its anti-inflammatory and antibiotic properties, can help to treat stomach upset. The leaves are then brewed into tea to soften minor cuts and abrasions, and ease the symptoms of indigestion.

Trees

In many cultures trees have been adored for many centuries. They can last for hundreds of years and have a profound impact on the environment. They provide shade, shelter and food for wildlife and improve the appearance of homes and gardens. Select a tree that is suitable for your home and location. Avoid trees with messy fruit or seed pods, or that shed twigs often.

As with all plants, trees produce their own food via the process known as photosynthesis. Through their leaves they absorb carbon dioxide and water from the air. They combine them with chlorophyll to produce oxygen and sugars. This occurs in specific cells within the leaf known as stomates. Trees then transfer these chemicals to the other parts of the plant through tubes known as the xylem and the phloem.

The crown is the uppermost part of an plant. It is made up of branches and leaves, and shades the roots from sunlight. The crown also collects sunlight's energy (photosynthesis) and removes excess water to stay cool by the process of evaporating it through its branches (transpiration).

Because of their size, trees have deep roots, garden plant which help them stay stable in wind and snow. They also help to prevent erosion by keeping soil in the right place. Trees are the backbone of our natural ecosystem, helping to moderate climate by absorbing and exchanging carbon dioxide, filtering water and taking out odors. They are also able to absorb pollutants and reduce the amount of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide oxygen, carbon dioxide and other harmful gases.

Many tree species have distinct shapes. They may have wide round crowns that provide dense shade or narrow oval-shaped crowns which are more open and airy. There are also species that have an egg-like appearance, and others with broad, rounded tops like oaks, horse chestnuts, and maples. Some have a slender open-headed look with a canopy which resembles an umbrella, similar to hackberries and elms. They also have Zalkovas.

Trees are classified into three botanical groups: ferns (including tree ferns) and gymnosperms like conifers and cycads and angiosperms that include flowering plants. The other categories of woody plants share many of the same characteristics as ferns, including their tuberous roots as well as cambium.

Vines

Vines can make your garden look more attractive by adding interest to shady spots and concealing unsightly fencing. They soften the look of a blank wall or structure and provide a beautiful frame for entrances or windows. They add color and beauty to the edge or steep bank of a slope. They also disguise a utility area and block too-brisk breezes from seating areas.

There are over 30 types of vines, however the majority are classified into four categories based on how they grow. Twiners, which use a wrap around some type of support, include clematis honeysuckle, and wisteria. Twiners are also divided into two groups: those who twine clockwise, and those who twine counterclockwise. The ones that make use of tendrils, which are modified leaves, to attach themselves to structures include creeping figs, Virginia creeper and philodendron.

Many of the same guidelines apply to planting woody vines as other woody ornamentals. Before selecting a vine take a look at the area of the plant including light exposure and soil condition. Once established, the vine requires regular pruning to maintain their desired appearance.

Pruning should be performed at the same time as you fertilize. This will help to avoid the build-up of nutrient salts and promote a vigorous growth habit.

The amount of pruning you need depends on the type of plant and the environment and your level of energy. If you don't want to spend all your weekends patrolling your trellises with herbicides or loppers, pick a moderately growing vine like Dutchman's pipe or crossvine. You can also consider a fast-growing, but robust vine like American bittersweet, which produces bright red berries that retain their color throughout the winter landscape.

Use tie-ups to train perennials such as clematis and sweet pea vines. They will remain in your garden for a number of years. Use rubber ties, which will not cut the stems as they expand. Tie annual vines such as runners bean, hyacinth beans or morning glory to the structure using strings or yarn. If needed, you may also attach the vine to a teepee with wire or string, but be sure not to overstrain the plant.

Containers

Containers are a great way to add color to your home landscape without taking up valuable yard or patio space. Many plants can be planted in containers, such as shrubs as well as flowers and vegetables. Understanding the requirements of a plant and the appropriate container is essential. A container can be anything that holds soil and is large enough to support the plant's roots as well as provide adequate drainage. This could include terracotta pots or half-barrels made of wood. It could also be window containers, buckets, or baskets or old cooking pots or even old garden beds equipment.

Container plants require more frequent irrigation than plants planted on the ground. This is due to the small size of the root system and the drying effects of direct sunlight during summer afternoons. The containers must have sufficient drainage to prevent standing water, which could cause rot and disease.

Adding a layer of organic material, such as coco coir, peat or compost at the bottom of the container can help keep moisture in the soil. The OM also provides a source of nutrients. The plants will flourish if you water the container frequently to keep the soil moist.

The soil mixture used for the container must be well-drained, especially in hot conditions. To improve drainage and preserve soil texture, it is ideal to combine organic matter such as broken leaves, rotted manure or sand with coarse granular materials such as sand.

Supporting vines inside containers with the help of a trellis is beneficial. This prevents them from becoming top-heavy, and falling over. It is important to protect containers from wind and rainfall, as they are easily blown or rained upon and can get muddy quickly.

Since the soil in containers do not contain many nutrients, they should be fertilized regularly. The ideal time to do this is during the initial stage of soil mixing. In this stage 1 cup of a general purpose organic fertilizer, such as 5-3-4 or liquid fish emulsion needs to be added to the mix.