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The term "proxy" refers to a proxy is also known as proxy server software that serves to act as an intermediary between client and server on the internet. Without a middleman the user would an attempt to request the resource directly to a server and the server would serve the resource directly back to the user. While this process is simple to understand and apply using proxies, it can provide benefits like increased speed as well as security and privacy and many more. Alongside offering a security layer they also act as a safeguard for the internet between users and servers.




In general, the bundle of servers that have installed proxy software is commonly referred to as proxy servers. But, this article will be focusing on proxies traditionally defined as software and within the context of web servers. We will present a summary of the two main kinds: one being a forward proxy and the other a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a different use, which could be difficult due to the similar name-based convention.




This article will equip you with the knowledge of what proxy services and their subtypes are, as well as the ways in which they can be beneficial for common setups. In this article, you'll in a position to recognize the scenarios that you can gain from a proxy. You can also choose the correct solution in between reverse and forward proxy, in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy, also known in the context of being an open proxy, also known as an open is the representative of a customer who wants to forward requests through the internet to the server that created it. In this situation, it's the situation that all requests received from the client will instead be forwarded directly through forward proxy. Forward proxy who is acting on behalf of the client, will examine into the request. In the beginning, it will decide whether the client is allowed to submit requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it will either refuse requests or redirect it to the server that originated it. The client will not be able to have directly access to internet; it will only be able to access the data that forward-proxy enables it to connect to.




One popular reason to use forward proxy is the need for more privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy has the ability to connect to the internet using the client. In this process, it uses an additional IP address as opposed to your client's IP address.




Based on the way it has been configured, based on how it is configured, forward proxy may perform a variety of tasks in addition to the ability to:




Beware of ads-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify restrictions based upon your geolocation.




Forward proxies are also used in systems of centralized security and access is based on permissions, for example at work. In the event that all internet traffic is routed through an open forward proxy, a administrator may restrict access to certain users to the internet via an common firewall. Instead of implementing firewalls on the client layer which could contain multiple devices that have different configurations and user A firewall could be installed on the forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind that forward proxies must be manually set up to work, whereas reverse proxies can be ignored by the client. Depending on the type of IP address the client that is transferred to the server that originated it via forward proxy privacy and anonymity could be granted or kept in the dark.




There are numerous options to consider for forward proxy services:




Apache is a well-known open-source web server, which offers forward proxy features.


Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy capabilities.


Squid: An open-source forward proxy using the HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer an entire Web server software. You can refer to our instructions on how to set up Squid proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP and is more suitable for use cases like peer-topeer communication. You can also learn how to configure Dante proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy acts in the capacity of an agent to a web server and manages incoming requests from clients. The web server could serve as a single server, or as a series of servers. Furthermore, it could be used as an application server such as Gunicorn. In all of these scenarios, a request would come from a user who is on the internet in general. The majority of the time the request will be directed directly to a web server which has all the information the user is seeking. However, a reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, protecting the webserver from direct interactions with the open internet.




From the perspective of an individual or user's point of view reverse proxy's process reverse proxy is not much different from working with the web server directly. It's basically the same, but the client is unable to discern the distinction. The client makes the request to access a resource, which is then followed by the receipt of it without any additional configuration required by the client.




Reverse proxy proxies can provide features, like:




Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.


Directing incoming traffic using rules that can be set up.


The caching feature has been added to the app.




While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy service, reverse proxies give this benefit to Web layer servers and not to the layer that clients use. Instead of maintaining firewalls at Web server layers, which can contain multiple servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security is concentrated at the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation of interfacing with firewalls and interacting with requests from clients via web servers enables them to focus on providing resources.




If there are multiple servers running behind a reverse proxy, it also controls how requests are routed the correct server. Many web servers may be offering the same service, each serving various kinds of resources or some combination of both. These servers may use their HTTP protocol to serve as a standard web server, however, they may also use application server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to set up a reverse proxy to route users to specific servers based on the requested resource or to follow certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies also benefit from their position in front of web servers by virtue of caching. Massive static resources can be arranged by caching rules so that they don't have to communicate with web servers for every request. There are solutions that provide the option of directly serving static assets, without needing to connect to the web server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy could handle the compression of the assets.




The popular Nginx web server is an efficient reverse proxy option. You can also use the Apache web server also comes with reverse proxy capabilities as an added feature of Apache in contrast to Nginx was originally designed to and concentrates on reverse proxy functionality.



The distinction between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" have connotations that refer to directionality, and false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the labels could be confusing since both types of proxies are able to handle requests as well as responses. Instead, a better way to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy providers is to look at the requirements of the app you're developing.




A reverse proxy is a good option when you're developing solutions to run websites on the internet. They serve as your web servers in any interactions online.




Forward proxy applications are useful when they are they are used to block the client for your private use, or in the workplace. They can be used to represent your client's traffic for any interaction on the internet.




A case-based distinction instead of focusing on the common naming conventions can make it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified meaning of a proxy, with the two primary kinds of them being the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a look at beneficial characteristics were used in defining forward proxy and reverse proxies. If you're interested to learn more about the implementation of proxy servers, look into our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy for Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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