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The term "proxy" refers to a proxy is also referred to as proxy server software that serves to act as an intermediary between a client and server over the internet. Without a middleman, a customer would make an inquiry directly to a server and the server would serve the requested resource directly at the request of the customer. Although this procedure is easy to comprehend and implement the addition of proxies can bring benefits such as more speed as well as security and privacy and a lot more. Apart from adding a layer of security they also act as a guardian for the internet between users and servers.




The packaged server hardware with installed proxy software is often referred as proxy servers. This article will be focusing on proxy servers that are traditionally referred to as software and when referring to web servers. We will present a summary of the two main types: one being forward proxy and the other being a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own use, which could be confusing due to the similar name-based convention.




This article will provide you with the understanding of the types of proxy services available and their subtypes are, as well as the ways in which they can be beneficial for common setups. In this article you'll be in a position to recognize the scenarios where you could benefit from a proxy and choose the right solution between reverse and forward proxy, in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy, also referred to as an open proxy, also known as an open serves as the representative of a customer who wishes to send requests over the internet to an the server that created it. In this case, it's the scenario that all requests made by the client will be forwarded straight into forward proxy. This forward proxy acting in place that of the customer, is able to look into the request. At first, it will determine if the client is allowed to submit requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it can either reject requests or redirect it to the server that originated it. The client will not be allowed directly access to internet. it can only be able to access the details that the forward proxy allows the client to access.




One of the most popular reasons for using forward proxy is the desire for greater security or privacy online. Forward proxy can access the internet using the client. In this manner, it utilizes another IP address in comparison to the IP address of your client.




Depending on how it has been set up, and the configuration, forward proxy may provide a variety of functions in addition to the ability to:




Beware of Ad-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can spot restrictions based upon your geolocation.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems of centralized security and access based on permissions, such as, in a workplace. If all internet traffic is routed through an open forward proxy, an administrator can limit access to specific users to the internet via an common firewall. Instead of implementing firewalls on the client layer, which can include multiple machines that have different configurations and user, a firewall can be installed on the forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind that forward proxies need to be configured manually to utilize and reverse proxies could go unnoticed by the client. Based on the type of IP address of a client is transferred to the server from which it originated through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity might be granted or kept in the dark.




There are numerous options to investigate forward proxy options:




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source web server, which offers forward proxy options.


Nginx A renowned open-source webserver with forward proxy capabilities.


Squid: A free and Open Source Forward Proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer an entire Web server software. It is possible to refer to our instructions for setting up Squid proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it better suited for certain scenarios like peer-to-peer connections. It is also possible to learn how to set up Dante proxy to support private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy functions as an agent for a web server and handles any requests that come in from clients on its behalf. The web server could serve as a one server or a number of servers. It could also be used as an app server, such as Gunicorn. In any of these scenarios the request will come from a user on the internet in general. Most of the time the request will be sent directly to the webserver that has all the information the user is seeking. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary that shields the webserver from direct interactions with the internet.




From an individual or user's perspective the procedure of using reverse proxy isn't any different than working with a web server directly. It's basically the same, but the client is unable to discern the difference. The client makes an request for resources, which is then received without any additional configuration needed on the part of the client.




Reverse proxy proxies can provide options, such as:




Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.


Directing incoming traffic according to rules you establish.


The caching functionality was added to the application.




While central security is a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy solutions, reverse proxies provide this benefit to Web server layers and not to the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls at Web server layers, which can comprise multiple servers that have different configurations, the bulk of firewall security is focused at the reverse proxy layer. In addition, getting rid of the necessity of interfacing with a firewall and interfacing with requests from clients via web servers enables them to focus on providing resources.




In the event of multiple servers working through a reverse proxy, it also controls the way requests are routed to which server. There are many web servers providing the exact same service, and each offering different kinds of resources or a mix of both. These servers could use an HTTP protocol to function as a web server in the traditional sense, but can also include applications server protocols such as FastCGI. You can create a reverse proxy to route users to specific servers according to the resource being requested, or to observe certain traffic load rules.




Reverse proxies can also benefit from their positioning before web servers due to the power of caching. Large static assets can be arranged by caching rules so that they avoid having to communicate with web servers every time they need to make a request. There are solutions that provide the possibility of serving directly static assets, without needing to connect to the web server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy can be used to handle compression of these assets.




The popular Nginx web server can be described as an effective reverse proxy solution. You can also use the Apache web server also has a reverse proxy as an additional feature of Apache as opposed to Nginx was designed initially for and focuses on the reverse proxy function.



The difference between Forward and Reverse Proxy Use. The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Because "forward" and "reverse" have connotations that refer to directionality, as well as false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic, the labels could be confusing since both kinds of proxy services are capable of handling requests as well as respond. The best way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy providers is to take into account the requirements of the app you're developing.




A reverse proxy is useful when you are developing an application that can serve websites on the internet. They are your web servers in any interactions online.




Forward proxy software is advantageous when used in front of client traffic for your personal use or in a work setting. They represent your client's internet traffic, for any internet-based interaction.




The use case-based differentiation instead of focusing on the common naming conventions can make it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



In this article, we clarified the meaning of a proxy and the two most common types of them that are the forward and reverse proxy. Practical applications as well as a look at the beneficial traits were used for the definition of forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested in learning more about the implementation of proxy servers check out our guide on how to configure Nginx to act as an Internet server, and reverse proxy on Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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