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The term "proxy" is a reference to the notion of a proxy frequently known as proxy servers are software that functions as an intermediary between a server and a client via the internet. Without a proxy, a client could make a request for an online server, and the server would serve an item directly for the client. While this approach is straightforward to understand and implement, adding proxies provides advantages such as more performance as well as security and privacy and so on. As a pass-through layer the proxy functions as a guardian for the internet between clients and servers.

The general combination of server hardware that is paired with the software to install proxy servers is usually called proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers that are generally classified as software, and specifically, in relation to web servers. We will present a summary of the two main types of proxies: that is forward proxy and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type comes with its own application scenario, which is often misinterpreted due the overlapping terminology.

This article will provide you with an idea of how proxies work, what their subtypes and ways they can be useful in various configurations. If you read this article, you'll be able to recognize the circumstances in which using proxies can be beneficial and identify the most appropriate alternative between reverse proxy and forward proxy in any given situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

A forward proxy, also referred to in the context of the open proxy serves as the representative of the client who is trying to relay requests via the internet to a server that is the source. In this situation, any request made by the user will be handled by an forward proxy. The forward proxy, taking the place of the client, will examine the request. It will then determine whether the client is allowed to make requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it'll decide whether to reject the request or transfer it on to the source server. The client is unable to have direct connection to internet. It can only reach what the forward proxy allows it to connect to.

The most common reason to use forward proxies is to improve privacy or security when using the internet. A forward proxy is able to access the internet, instead of clients, and in this way, it utilizes an alternative IP address to the original IP address of the client.

Depending on how it's set up depending on how it's configured forward proxy can offer a variety of features that allow users to:

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  Beware of Ad-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can determine restrictions based upon your geographical place of residence.
  
  

Forward proxies are also utilized for security systems which are centralized and accessible dependent on permissions, for instance in a workplace. If all internet traffic flows through a common forward proxy layer, an administrator could limit access for only a limited number of internet users and be filtered by a common firewall. Instead of setting up firewalls for the client layer that can be utilized by a variety of computers, with various kinds of environments, you can have a firewall at the front proxy layer.

Be aware that forward proxies require manual configuration for use in order to be utilized, whereas reverse proxies are able to be obfuscated by clients. Based on whether or not an IP address belonging to the user is relayed to the server that originated it by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity are granted or denied.

There are many alternatives to look into for forward proxy services.

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  Apache An open source, well-known web server that comes with forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx is another widely-used open-source webserver, which includes forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Squid: A no-cost forward proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. It's not part of the complete web server. Follow our steps on how to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP which allows it to be more suitable for use instances such as peer-to-peer connections. You may also want to check out how to set up Dante proxy to permit private connections in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy acts in the capacity of an intermediary for web server which handles requests from customers for its behalf. This server can represent one or more servers. It could also be an application server like Gunicorn. In either scenario it is possible to send a request via the internet in general. Typically, the request is sent directly to the server which hosts the resources the user is in need of. A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary that isolates this webserver from all direct contact with the internet's public.

From the point of view of the client an individual's viewpoint the process of utilizing reverse proxy is not different than interacting with the server by itself. It's the same, but the client cannot be able to discern the distinction. Client requests the resource and is then provided with it, with no extra configuration required for the customer.

Reverse proxies provide features like:

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  The web server is secured centrally.
  
  
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  Traffic coming into your site is routed based upon rules you set.
  
  
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  A new feature for caching has been added.
  
  

While central security is a benefit offered by both reverse and forward proxy servers. Reverse proxies provide this benefit only to the server layer but they do not offer this feature to clients. Instead of focusing on maintaining firewalls at the server level which could contain several servers, each with different configurations, the majority of security for firewalls is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, removing the responsibility of communicating with a firewall and connecting to client requests off web servers enables the firewall to focus on meeting the requirements of their clients.

In the event that there's multiple servers hosted within a reverse proxy it is also responsible for how requests are routed to which server. Multiple web servers could be providing the exact same service, but offering different types of resource or a mix of the two. They may employ their HTTP protocol to function as an ordinary web server however, they may also incorporate protocols for application servers like FastCGI. It is also possible to set up reverse proxy servers to redirect users to a specific server based on the resource requested, or to adhere to specific rules regarding traffic load.

Reverse proxies can also benefit by their positioning in front of web servers, by providing caching capabilities. Large static assets can be set by caching rules to ensure that web servers are not hit each time you request. There are solutions that permit you to directly serve static assets, without connecting to the web server in any way. Furthermore, the reverse proxy can manage compressing these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server functions as an effective reverse proxy option. Although Apache is also a reverse proxy solution it is not the only one. Apache web server is fitted with reverse proxy feature which is a feature that is available for Apache However, Nginx was designed originally to specifically focus on reverse proxy capabilities.

The difference is between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Situations

Because "forward" and "reverse" have connotations of directionality, and false comparisons to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels could be confusing since both types of proxy servers handle the processing of requests and replies. The best way to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to analyze the requirements of the application that you're creating.

A reverse proxy is useful when you are developing an application that connects web-based applications to the internet. They serve as your web servers when you use the internet.

Forward proxy can be beneficial when they are used in front of customers for your own usage or in an environment that is professional. They are your client's proxy for interactions on the internet.

The ability to differentiate by the use of case instead of focusing on common naming conventions can assist you in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

This article describes what a proxy is and provides two kinds: reverse proxy and forward proxy. Practical examples of its use as well as a look at the beneficial features were used to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're looking to know more about the use of proxy servers, look over our guide on how to configure Nginx as reverse proxy with Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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