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The term "proxy" means the notion of a proxy commonly called proxy server software that acts to act as an intermediary for a client and server via the internet. Without proxy, a user could send a request to an item directly to a server and the server would then serve the requested resource directly to the user. Although this method is easy to comprehend and use, proxies can provide advantages like more speed, privacy and security, and so on. As a layer of pass-through, the proxy serves as a shield to the internet between users and servers.

In general, the system of server hardware coupled with the software for proxy installation is often called proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxy servers which are generally considered to be software and specifically in relation to servers for web. We will provide a brief overview of the two main types of proxies, which is a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a different usage scenario, which is often misunderstood due to the overlapping terminology.

This article will provide you with an understanding of how proxies work, what their subtypes are and the ways that they can prove useful in various configurations. If you read this article you'll be able to recognize the circumstances in which the use of proxies is advantageous, and determine the most suitable option between forward and reverse proxy for any particular situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

A forward proxy, also known as an open proxy is the representative of the client who is trying to transmit a request through the internet to a source server. In this situation, any request made by the user will be made through an forward proxy. Forward proxy in the place of the client examines the request. Then, it will determine whether or not the client is able to make requests through this specific forward proxy. It will then orally reject a request and send it back to its source server. The client is not able to have direct connection to the internet. It can only reach what the forward proxy permits it to connect to.

The most popular reason to use forward proxies is to improve privacy or security when using the internet. Forward proxy allows you to connect to the internet, instead of the client. In this manner, it is using a different IP address than the original IP address of the client.

Based on the way it's setup, and based on the way it's set up forward proxy could provide a variety of functions and allow you to:

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  Beware of ads-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can determine restrictions based upon your geographical place of residence.
  
  

Forward proxies are also used to secure systems which are centralized and accessible is based on permissions, such as in a workplace. In the event that all internet traffic goes through a common forward proxy layer, an administrator might restrict access for just a small number of internet users that is then filtered through the common firewall. Instead of establishing security firewalls on the layer that is used by clients, which could be used by multiple computers with different settings and types of users, there is a way to set up a firewall at the front proxy layer.

It is important to note that forward proxies require manual configuration for use in order to be utilized, whereas reverse proxy servers can remain unnoticed by clients. Based on the fact that the IP address of the user is relayed to an server of origin through the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be granted or denied.

There are many alternatives to look into for forward proxies.

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  Apache An open source, well-known web server with forward proxy capability.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another popular open-source webserver which comes with forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Squid: A no-cost forward proxy which uses the HTTP protocol. It's not included with the whole web server. Learn more about how to configure Squid proxy to allow private connections on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which allows it to be more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer connections. You may also want to check out how to set up Dante proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy acts in the capacity of an intermediary for web server which processes requests from customers on its behalf. It could represent either a single or multiple servers. Additionally, it could represent an application server, like Gunicorn. In either case it is possible to send a request via the internet in general. In most cases, the request is sent directly to the web server which hosts the resources that the client requires of. Instead, a reverse proxy is a intermediary and isolates Web servers from any direct interaction with the web's public.

From the viewpoint of the individual client's perspective the process of utilizing reverse proxy is not different than interacting with the server by itself. It's exactly the same however the client can't see the difference. Client requests the resource and is then supplied with it, without any additional configuration required for the customer.

Reverse proxies provide features like:

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  The web server is protected centrally.
  
  
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  The direction of traffic coming in is according to the rules you establish.
  
  
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  A new feature for caching has been added.
  
  

While central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy servers, reverse proxies offer this feature to only the server layer but it is not available to the client layer. In lieu of the maintenance of firewalls at the server layer that could include several servers, each with various configurations, the bulk of security for firewalls is concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, removing the burden of interacting with a firewall and connecting to requests from clients away from web servers allows the firewall to focus on serving the needs of their customers.

In the event that there's multiple servers located within a reverse proxy the reverse proxy is also accountable for the way requests are routed at which server. Many web servers may be providing the same service, offering different types of resource or a combination of both. These servers may use an HTTP protocol to perform the role of an ordinary web server however they can also use application server protocols such as FastCGI. You can also configure reverse proxy servers to redirect users to specific servers depending on the resource being requested, or to adhere to certain guidelines for traffic load.

Reverse proxies may also profit by their positioning in front of web servers, by providing the ability to cache. Large static assets can be configured using caching rules to avoid hitting web servers each time you request. There are solutions allowing you to directly serve static files without having to connect to the web server in any way. In addition, the reverse proxy can manage compressing these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server can also function as an effective reverse proxy service. Even though Apache can also be a reverse proxy service however, the Apache web server is also fitted with reverse proxy feature that is an additional feature available to Apache however Nginx was originally designed specifically for reverse proxy capabilities.

The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Cases

Since "forward" as well as "reverse" come with connotations of directionality as well as misleading analogies to "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic The labels can be confusing because both kinds of proxies deal with requests and responses. An alternative method to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to study the requirements of the application that you're creating.

A reverse proxy is useful when you're developing an application that connects web applications to the internet. They serve as your web servers whenever you use the internet.

Forward proxy are beneficial when they are used before customers for your own usage or in an environment that is professional. They serve as the proxy for your client when you interact with the internet.

Differentiating by case of use instead of focusing on common naming conventions can help you avoid confusion.

Conclusion

This article describes what a proxy is and provides two types: forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical examples of use and a review of the useful features were used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're looking to know more about proxy servers, look over our guide on how to configure Nginx as a reverse proxy by using Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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