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proxy is also referred to as a proxy is often referred to by the name of a proxy,, a software that sits in the middle between a client and server on the internet. Without a proxy, a user can send a request for a source directly through the server, and then the server will deliver an item directly for the requester. This method is simple to grasp and use however, the addition of proxy servers may provide benefits in terms of better performance, privacy and security, and much more. Apart from offering a security layer it also serves as a gatekeeper to the internet, separating clients and servers.

In general, the combination of server hardware and an installed software proxy is also often referred as a proxy server. This article we will examine proxies commonly categorized as software, and in relation to web server. You will get a breakdown of the two main types of proxies: that is an forward proxy and a reverse proxy. Each type of proxy has its own unique usage scenario that is often not understood due to the common name convention.

This article will give you an understanding of what proxies and their subtypes are and the ways they can be useful in a variety of configurations. Through this guide, you'll be able to recognize the situations where it is beneficial to use a proxy and make the right alternative between forward and reverse proxy depending on the scenario.

Understanding Forward Proxies

A forward proxy also referred to by the name of an open proxy serves as an agent for a user who is trying to make a request via the internet to an source server. In this case, every request made by the client will instead be routed through an forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting in place of the client is able to examine the request. It will first determine if the client has been authorized to receive requests from this specific forward proxy. Then, it'll either refuse requests or redirect them to the server that originated it. It isn't able to directly connect directly to internet. It can only access what forward proxy allows it access to.

A common use for forward proxy is the requirement for more privacy or security while using the internet. A forward proxy can connect to web as a user and in this manner, it connects an alternative IP address to the IP address of your client.

Based on the way it has been configured in accordance with the way it was configured forward proxy can offer a range of features, allowing you to:

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  Do not click on ads that track you.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can spot restrictions based upon your geolocation.
  
  

Forward proxies are also employed in systems that give central security and access through permissions, like in a workplace. The entire internet can go by an open forward proxy. administrators can restrict access to specific individuals to access the web. This is filtered by the common firewall. Instead of having firewalls at this layer of client, this can be used by several computers with different settings and users, a firewall could be found in this forward proxy layer.

It is important to know that forward proxies require manual setup in order to allow the use of them, but reverse proxy servers will not be detected by the user. Based on the fact that the IP address of a client is sent to the origin server through forward proxy, privacy and anonymity could be granted or hidden.

There are numerous alternatives to think about when considering forward proxies.

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  Apache is a well-known open-source web server that offers forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Nginx is another well-known open-source web server with forward proxy functions.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy which uses the HTTP protocol. It isn't part of the entire web server. This is a step-by-step tutorial to set up Squid proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it ideal for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. You can also look at how you can install an Dante proxy that will allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy is an intermediary for a web server, handling any requests that come in from clients its place. It can be used as a single server or multiple servers. Additionally, it can comprise an application server, like Gunicorn. It is possible to receive the request of a customer via the internet in general. In most cases, the request would be sent directly to the website server that hosts the information the client wants. Reverse proxy acts as an intermediary in order to block your server from communications with the internet's public.

From the point of perspective, which is also an individual's view, interacting with reverse proxy isn't different from connecting to the server in its own. It's functionally identical to the web server, and the user is unable discern the distinction. The client can make a request for the resource and it receive it, with no extra configuration required from the user.

Reverse proxies grant features like:

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  Security centralized on webservers.
  
  
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  Controlling traffic coming in according to rules you design.
  
  
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  The caching functionality was added to the application.
  
  

Although centralized security is a benefit for both forward and reverse proxy services, reverse-proxies perform this service to servers on the internet but not the layer of clients. instead of having firewalls installed on the layer of web servers which might comprise multiple servers with different configurations, the bulk of the firewall security is centered at that layer called reverse proxy. Additionally, getting rid of the necessity of interfacing with a firewall and interacting with requests from clients who do not have web servers lets them concentrate on providing the needs of their clients.

If there are multiple servers being hosted through reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also determines which requests go towards which servers. Multiple servers may be providing the exact same service, but each having different resources, or a combination of both. They can use the HTTP protocol similar to a traditional web server, but they can also be outfitted with applications server protocols such as FastCGI. You can set up a reverse proxy to direct customers to specific server depending on the resource requested or to adhere to certain rules for traffic load.

Reverse proxy solutions also profit from their placement on top of web servers through the caching feature. Large static assets can be configured using caching rules to avoid hitting web servers every time you request. Some applications allow the server to serve static files directly without having to connect to a web server in any way. Additionally the reverse proxy is able to manage compression of these files.

The well-known Nginx web server can also function as a well-known reverse proxy solution. It is certain that Apache web server has a reverse proxy feature, it's an additional option. Apache in contrast to Nginx was initially designed and focused on reverse proxy functionality.

Differentiating Forward Proxy from reverse Proxy Use Cases

Since "forward" and "reverse" are both associated with the perception of directionality, and misleading comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic. The terms can be confusing since both kinds of proxies handle requests and responses. An alternative approach to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy services is to consider the needs of the app you're building.

Reverse proxy is an important aspect when developing a solution to deliver web-based applications on the internet. They act as your web server in any interaction with the internet.

Forward proxy applications are advantageous when placed in front of clients for personal use, or in a workplace. They are a representation of the client's activity when you use the internet.

A case-based approach to differentiation instead of focusing solely on common naming conventions will help you not be confused.

Conclusion

This article defined what an "proxy" is, with the two main kinds being forward and reverse proxy. Practical applications and a discussion of the beneficial features was used to distinguish forward proxies as well as reverse proxy. If you're looking for ways to implement proxies you should check out our guide on how to set up Nginx as web server and reverse proxy for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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