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How to replace window pane Window Panes

A cracked window pane is a nuisance. It can also be a chance to upgrade your glass to energy efficient or insulated windows and benefit from more comfort, higher resale value and reduced utility costs.

It's a task you can take on yourself for a fraction of the cost of hiring a professional. It requires the right tools and an hour or two of your time.

Glass

Replace your single-paned windows with tempered insulate glass to improve energy efficiency, reduce noise, and maintain the original character of your older home. The process of replacing a window pane is relatively simple and can be done by most homeowners who possess basic hand tools. In addition to a replacement pane, the following tools are required: latex glazing putty; pliers, glazier's points and a heat gun for warming the old putty, if necessary. Wear safety goggles and gloves prior to starting. Working with broken glass could result in serious injuries.

Begin by removing any broken pieces of glass. It is best to use pliers for this however a flathead could be useful equally. Then, use a wood chisel or putty knife to take the remainder of the old putty from around the frame and the sash. Be careful not to scratch the window seal replacement sash. Take your time and work slowly. It is recommended to do this using a sturdy ladder instead of the ground, and to place someone on the sash in order to help hold it steady.

Prepare the window frame to accommodate the new pane after you have removed the old putty. Find the width and the height of the sash opening by subtracting 1/8 inch from each measurement (to allow for seasonal expansion and contraction). Bring these measurements to an hardware store or home center, and have a piece of stock glass cut to size. You can cut the glass yourself if you have the right tools.

After putting the new pane in place after installing the new pane, put a tiny amount of caulking along the edge to ensure it is weatherproof. Install a glazier’s point on both sides of the frame. This will ensure the pane. The points shouldn't be so tight as to cause friction between the sash and the frame but they should not be too loose.

Before applying the putty on the surface, gently knead it until it is soft and free from lumps. Then make it into pencil-sized strips. Apply the first strip to the corner of the frame. Work from corner to corner, making sure it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier’s points are small triangular pieces of steel which help to secure the glass into the window frame without causing damage to the delicate surface. Knowing how to use these little helpers is easy and could save you money on professional installation or the cost of purchasing new glass.

After getting rid of the old putty glazier points and any leftovers clean the frame thoroughly using a utility knife. If needed, lightly sand the wood in the grooves of the rabbet to smooth out rough spots. If you do sand the wood, make sure to protect it by using painter's tape to prevent accidental damage.

Write down the dimensions of the frame. These dimensions can be taken to a home center or hardware store, and the new pane will be cut a bit smaller. This will ensure a secure fit and leave room for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane in the frame and push firmly using your hands. Make use of the point of the chisel, or the back of the putty blade to tap in the glazier's points as shown in Figure 11. When you're done, they should be flush with the top edge of the pane, and the shoulders that are raised of the points should be just below the lip of the rabbet groove.

Apply a small amount of glazing compound on the edges of the new glass and in the rabbet grooves, to seal and protect them. Let it dry and cure completely.

After the glazing compound dries it's time to put in the new window sash. First, coat the wood with a heavy coat of linseed oil. This will stop the new putty from sucking up the moisture and deteriorating and cracking with time. Apply this coat with a brush or the tip of your knife, then employ the chisel or back end of the knife to gently hammer the new sash and glazier's tips into the grooves of the rabbet. Repeat this procedure every 10 inches along the perimeter of the frame.

Putty

A baseball thrown or a rock thrown by error, or a fallen tree can cause a broken or cracked window pane. Fortunately, windows can be replaced by simply putting a brand new piece in the right place. The glass is held into position by a small metal clip, called the glazier's point, and putty. This compound is also called glazing compound. Before you install a new pane, first get rid of the old one and clean the area using a rag and an abrasive scraper that is a pull type or a wood chisel. Wear gloves and safety glasses while working. If the window is attached to the frame, you'll need make use of a heat gun to soften the adhesive prior to prying it free.

If you are planning to replace your original sash, you must remove the molding that supports the old pane. Then you can sand the sash down to ensure it's level and ready for a new caulk. Once the sash is re-installed and sanded, apply a fresh silicone caulk to the glass to ensure that it won't leak or discolor as time passes.

Remove the glazing points from the rabbets, the grooves in the sash where the glass sits. If they're hard to chisel out, you can try holding a hand tool like a heat gun over them to soften them before you do. When using a heating tool, be sure to avoid damaging the sash and its railings.

Once the old glazing points and putty have been removed, prepare a bed for the new pane. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your hands, shaping it into a 1/2-inch thick. Place it into the rabbets where the glass will be placed. The glass must be positioned against the putty on both sides. If necessary gently tap your glass into the rabbet using your thumb.

If the new pane is cracked, you can cover it with a solvent-based glue or silicone caulk prior pressing it into the sash. If not, you'll have to putty over the crack to create an impervious seal to keep water out. Once the putty is dry, wipe the oily film from the glass and let it dry completely before painting. If you paint before the putty has completely dry, it won't form an effective seal and could leak or discolor in time.

Paint

You may be concerned about replacing a broken pane of glass. However, replacing a single glass pane doesn't need to cost a fortune If you can do it yourself. Even a double-paned window can be replaced at a fraction of the cost it costs for a professional.

First, if you're working on a large-sized window, make sure it is securely fastened to the frame. This can be done relatively easy and fast using the proper tools and techniques.

If you're ready to begin taking off the old window pane by prying out the glazing points made of metal that are connected to it. These are tiny metal triangles that act as "nails" to hold the window within the frame. They are submerged beneath a layer of glazing putty, which is then cured to form a solid, replace window pane formed wedge that holds the window firmly in place and conceals the edges.

Once you have the old pane removed clean the surrounding frame and wood. Scrape off any paint that has been used and sand the rabbet grooves in which the glazing points were. These should be sanded down to the point of being bare, to allow you to paint them the same color as the rest of the frame. After sanding, apply a layer of flax oil to the wood's surface to help extend its lifespan.

Next, measure the width of the window opening. It is necessary to measure the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the entire opening as well as the thickness. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure you get a precise size for the new pane. This will also allow for expansion and contraction of the glass during seasons of change. You can bring these measurements to a hardware store or home improvement shop and get the glass cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.